Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2006) - Reunion (2005)

Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2006) z Reunion (2005)

	Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2006)	Reunion (2005)

Administrative divisions	none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order	none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons
Age structure	0-14 years: 23.5% (male 843/female 807) 15-64 years: 65.7% (male 2,342/female 2,272) 65 years and over: 10.8% (male 348/female 414) (2006 est.)	0-14 years: 30.4% (male 120,698/female 115,108) 15-64 years: 63.6% (male 243,668/female 250,143) 65 years and over: 6.1% (male 19,234/female 28,097) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish	sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn
Airports	2 (2006)	2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 242 sq km land: 242 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups	total: 2,517 sq km land: 2,507 sq km water: 10 sq km
Area - comparative	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly smaller than Rhode Island
Background	First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.	The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration, supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians, gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route.
Birth rate	13.52 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)	19.26 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $70 million expenditures: $60 million; including capital expenditures of $24 million (1996 est.)	revenues: $1.26 billion expenditures: $2.62 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (1998)
Capital	name: Saint-Pierre geographic coordinates: 46 46 N, 56 11 W time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November; note - these new dates become effective in 2007	Saint-Denis
Climate	cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy	tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April
Coastline	120 km	207 km
Constitution	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon	conventional long form: Department of Reunion conventional short form: Reunion local long form: none local short form: Ile de la Reunion former: Bourbon Island
Death rate	6.83 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)	5.48 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$NA
Dependency status	self-governing territorial collectivity of France	overseas department of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	none (overseas department of France)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	approximately $60 million in annual grants from France	NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France (2001 est.)
Economy - overview	The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector.	The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture, but services now dominate. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to one-third of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France.
Electricity - consumption	41.06 million kWh (2003)	1.084 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2003)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2003)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	44.15 million kWh (2003)	1.166 billion kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m
Environment - current issues	recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment	NA
Ethnic groups	Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)	French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)	euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Yves FAUQUEUR (since 28 August 2006) head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, 21 April 2002 (first round) and 5 May 2002 (second round) (next to be held in 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Laurent CAYREL (since 16 July 2005) head of government: President of the General Council Jean-Luc POUDROUX (since NA March 1998) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils
Exports	NA bbl/day	NA
Exports - commodities	fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts	sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%, (1993)
Exports - partners	Spain 33.6%, Belgium 21.8%, India 18.3%, France 9.4%, US 7.5% (2005)	France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (2000)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with yellow wavy lines under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part (called ikkurina) is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the rectangle into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one above the other; these three heraldic arms represent settlement by colonists from the Basque Country (top), Brittany, and Normandy; the flag of France is used for official occasions	the flag of France is used
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: 8% industry: 19% services: 73% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $6,000 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	2.5% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates	46 50 N, 56 20 W	21 06 S, 55 36 E
Geography - note	vegetation scanty	this mountainous, volcanic island has an active volcano, Piton de la Fournaise; there is a tropical cyclone center at Saint-Denis, which is the monitoring station for the whole of the Indian Ocean
Highways	-	total: 1,214 km (including 88 km of four-lane roads) (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA bbl/day	NA
Imports - commodities	meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials	manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products
Imports - partners	France 51.3%, Canada 31.8%, Belgium 4.1% (2005)	France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (2000)
Independence	none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)	none (overseas department of France)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism	sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction
Infant mortality rate	total: 7.38 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.46 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)	total: 7.78 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.52 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.99 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.1% (1991-96 average)	NA%
International organization participation	UPU, WFTU	InOC, UPU, WFTU
Irrigated land	NA	120 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel	Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel
Labor force	3,261 (1999)	309,900 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 18% industry: 41% services: 41% (1996 est.)	agriculture 13%, industry 12%, services 75% (2000)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 12.5% permanent crops: 0% other: 87.5% (2005)	arable land: 13.6% permanent crops: 1.2% other: 85.2% (2001)
Languages	French (official)	French (official), Creole widely used
Legal system	French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation	French law
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held in April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held 26 September 2004 (next to be held in September 2013); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UDF 1	unicameral General Council (49 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held 15 and 22 March 1998 (next to be held NA); Regional Council - last held 28 March 2004 (next to be held NA 2010) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - various right-wing candidates 13, PCR 10, PS 10, UDF 8, RPR 6, other left-wing candidates 2; Regional Council (second round) - percent of vote by party - PCR 44.9%, UMP 32.8%, PS-Greens 22.3%; seats by party - PCR 27, UMP 11, PS-Greens 7 note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held NA 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, UMP 1, PCR 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 78.61 years male: 76.27 years female: 81.06 years (2006 est.)	total population: 73.95 years male: 70.55 years female: 77.52 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 88.9% male: 87% female: 90.8% (2003 est.)
Location	Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)	Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar
Map references	North America	World
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 28,264 GRT/44,885 DWT by type: chemical tanker 1 foreign-owned: 1 (France 1) registered in other countries: 1 (2005)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	-	no regular indigenous military forces; French forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie)
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women) adjective: French	noun: Reunionese (singular and plural) adjective: Reunionese
Natural hazards	persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard	periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano
Natural resources	fish, deepwater ports	fish, arable land, hydropower
Net migration rate	-4.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Left Radical Party or PRG; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR (now UMP); Socialist Party or PS; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF	Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Paul VERGES]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jean-Claude FRUTEAU]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	7,026 (July 2006 est.)	776,948 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	0.17% (2006 est.)	1.38% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Le Port
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (2001)
Religions	Roman Catholic 99%	Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2006 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: country code - 508; radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system	general assessment: adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis domestic: modern open-wire and microwave radio relay network international: country code - 262; radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean); fiber optic submarine cable (SAT-3/WASC/SAFE) provides connectivity to Europe and Asia
Telephones - main lines in use	4,800 (2002)	300,000 est (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	489,800 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)	35 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (2001)
Terrain	mostly barren rock	mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast
Total fertility rate	2.01 children born/woman (2006 est.)	2.47 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	10.3% (1999)	36% (1999 est.)

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